Textile material



Patented Aug. 20, 1940 UNITED STATES TEXTILE MATERIAL Herbert Platt and Richard R. Sitzler, Cumberland, Md., assignors to Cclanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing.

11 Claims.

and expeditious finishing of dyed fabrics and yarns containing an organic derivative of cellulose. Another object of this invention is the finishing of dyed fabrics and yarns containing an organic derivative of cellulose in such a manner that they are more fast to light, acid and perspiration fading. Other objects of our invention zvill appear from the following detailed descripion.

It has been found that many dyed textile materials that contain an organic derivative of cellulose are subject to light and acid fading. Many expedients have been used to correct this undesirable. property, such as chemical treatments before and after the'dyeing operation. We have now found that a dyed material containing an organic derivative of cellulose of improved fastness of color andimproved stability of the organic derivative of cellulose may be obtained by subjecting the material after dyeing to the action of heat.

In accordance with this invention, fabrics or other textile materials containing an organic derivative of cellulose are dyed and then subjected to heat. This treatment is preferably given the textile material right after the last wet finishing operation, such as, for example, a dyeing and scouring operation. The treatment may comprise the passing of the textile material through a heated calender, a heated zone, or other means whereby the material is subjectedv to heat of above C. The duration of the treatment need not be very long and will depend upon the temperature, for instance one pass through a calender maintained at about C. to C. is found to effect a substantial improvement. The temperature should not be so high that there is a substantial passing of the material but a slightamount of fusing may take place. The treatment is especially applicable to fabrics dyed with amino anthraquinone dyes but may be employed with fabrics dyed with other dyestuffs. The textile materials may enter the heating treatment air dry or while they still contain some water such as that'left after a centrifugal extraction. It is preferable that the material be slightly damp. I

The fabrics that lend themselves to this in- Application March 1s, 1938, Serial No. 196,716

vention are those formed substantially wholly of filaments or fibres of organic derivatives of cellulose. Fabrics of mixed yarns containing both filaments or fibres of organic derivatives of cellulose and other filaments or fibres, such as silk, cotton, etc., may be employed and the results will be proportional to the percentage of the yarn formed of organic derivatives of cellulose; The organic derivatives of cellulose may be the .organic esters of cellulose or cellulose ethers, or mixed ethers esters of cellulose. Examples of the organic esters of cellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate, while examples of the cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.

The fabric to, be finished may be formed by Weaving, warp'knitting, circular knitting, knot ting or netting of yarns of any degree of twist, which yarns contain at least some filaments or fibres of an organic derivative of cellulose. Although this inventionis primarily'applicable to fabrics, it may in an obvious manner be applied to yarns, straws, monofils, foils, etc. in hank or spool form. The filaments, fibres or yarns of organic derivatives of cellulose may contain, besides the cellulose derivatives, elfect materials such as pigments, filling materials, dyes or lakes, fire retardants, plasticizers and lubricants. The reagents necessary to produce the desired properties obtained through the use of the effect materials are known to one practicing the art.

The organic derivative of cellulose base material may be made by any suitable method and, prior to its being formed into fibres or filaments, it may be treated with water or steam, with or without pressure, or given other types of stabilizing treatments. The fibres or filaments may be formed from a solution of organic derivative of cellulose by either the wet or dry method of forming filaments and these fibres or filaments may be coated or otherwise treated with lubricants, sizes, etc. that may be necessary for their production into textile materials such as yarns and fabric. The fibres or filaments maybe processed in the usual manner to yarns and fabrics.

The fabrics containing organic derivative-of cellulose yarns or filaments may be dyed in the usualmanner with dyes having an affinity therefor or they may be partially saponified and dyed' with cotton colors. The fabrics may be scoured, delustered and given other treatments normally applied during finishing operations of the vari-' ous types of fabrics, except that after the last wet finishing operation they are subjected to a line, dibenzyl aniline, etc.

heat treatment of above C. It is preferable, but not necessary, that the dye bath in which the fabrics are dyed contain a small amount, say between 0.5 and 3% on the weight of the fabric, of a tertiary amine having'at least two aryl substitution groups, such as, for example, benzyl ethyl aniline, diphenyl aniline, phenyl ethyl ani- Organic derivatives of cellulose have the property of absorbing small amounts of thesematerials from the dye bath, which they retain through the washing and scouring operations which follow. The heat treatment effects a migration and even distribution of these materials in the fabric adding to their effectiveness as stabilizers and fading preventatives. In this instance, the heat treatment has a two-fold purpose, that of improving the effectiveness of the amine compound and also its independent effect to making the dyed textile materials more stable and more fast to light and acid fading.

If desired, the textile material may also be treated after dyeing with a solution or dispersion of an alkali earth metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate.

As illustrations of our invention, but without being limited thereto, the following examples are given:

Example I A fabric consisting of cellulose acetate is dyed in a dye bath containing 2% of benzyl ethyl aniline on the weight of the cellulose acetate. This fabric after being dyed to the desired shade is separated from the dye bath, rinsed, scoured in a 1 gram per liter soap solution and again rinsed. The rinsed material is then hydro-extracted until just damp and then calendered at about 180 C. The fabric is found to be greatly improved in stability insofar as any change in the cellulose acetate is concerned, and there is also found to be a great improvement in the fastness to light and acid fading of the color imparted thereto.

Example II Example I is repeated except that the benzyl ethyl aniline is omitted from the dye bath. The stability of the fabric is found to be improved but not so good as that of Example I.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is merely given by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of an organic derivative of cellulosewhich have been dyed,whichcomprises subjecting such textile materials to the action of dry heat at a temperature at least 100 C., for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

2. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which comprises subjecting such textile materials to the action of dry heat at a temperature at least 100 C., for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

3. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which comprises subjecting such textile materials while damp to the action of dry heat at a temperature at least 100 C. for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

4. Process'for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which comprises subjecting such textile materials to the action of dry heat at a temperature of to C. for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

5. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which comprises such textile materials through calendering rolls heated to 150 to 180 C., whereby the fastness to dyeing is increased.

6. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed with amino anthraquinone dyes, which comprises subjecting such textile materials to the action of dry heat at a temperature at least 100 C., for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

7. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which comprises treating such textile materials with a tertiary amine containing at least two aryl substitution groups, and subjecting the treated textile materials to the action of dry heat at a temperature at least 100 C., whereby the fastness of the dyeing is increased.

8. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed with amino anthraquinone dyes, which comprises subjecting such textile materials to the action of dry heat at a temperature of 150 to 180 C., for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

9. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which comprises treating such textile materials with benzyl ethyl aniline, and subjecting the treated textile materials to the action of dry heat at least 100 C. for such period of time as to increase the fastness of the dyeing.

10. Process for finishingtextile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed, which' comprises treating such textile materials with benzyl ethyl aniline, and subjecting the treated textile materials to the action of'dry heat at about 180 C., whereby the fastness of the dyeing is increased.

11. Process for finishing textile materials containing filaments or fibers of cellulose acetate which have been dyed with amino anthraquinone dyes, which comprises treating such textile materials with benzyl ethyl aniline, and subjecting the treated textile materials to the action of dry heat at about 180 C., whereby the fastness of the dyeing is increased.

HERBERT PLA'I'I. RICHARD R. SITZLER. 

